Single layer of carbon atoms "torn" out with tape reduced graphene oxide

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When speaking about graphene, we must initially state the all-natural mineral graphite that is extensively present in our day-to-day live.

As an allotrope of carbon, graphite is a split material, and the carbon atoms inside graphite are organized layer by layer. Carbon atoms in the same layer "hold hands" and are very closely connected, but the mix of carbon atoms between different layers hangs, like a stack of playing cards. With a gentle push, the cards will move apart.

From the viewpoint of chemical framework, graphite is a transitional crystal between atomic crystals, steel crystals and molecular crystals. In the crystal, carbon atoms in the very same layer type covalent bonds with sp2 hybridization, each carbon atom is linked to three other carbon atoms, and six carbon atoms create a routine hexagonal ring on the exact same airplane, stretching to form a sheet structure.

If graphite is a pile of playing cards, after that graphene is one of the cards in this stack of playing cards. Graphene is a two-dimensional product composed of a solitary layer of carbon atoms. Piling graphene layer by layer is graphite. A 1 mm thick graphite contains about 3 million layers of graphene.

Although graphene exists in nature, it is difficult to peel off a single layer framework.

Greater than two decades back, Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov, scientists at the College of Manchester in the UK, believed that there should be a method to get a single layer of graphite.

Just how can a solitary layer of graphite be removed? Scientists took a very "simple and crude" approach - sticking it with tape.

"Much like when we write a typo on paper, we will stick the typo with tape." Based on this, researchers boldly associate that if tape can stay with the surface of paper, can it additionally adhere to layers of graphite?

In the experiment, researchers stuck both sides of pyrolytic graphite flakes to a special tape, and detached the tape, the graphite sheet was divided right into two. Although the thickness of graphite at this time is still much from that of a single layer of graphite, researchers have actually confirmed the feasibility of this approach - each time the tape is utilized, the graphite becomes thinner. By demanding utilizing this "mechanical exfoliation technique" to duplicate the procedure, they finally obtained a thin sheet consisting of just one layer of carbon atoms, which is graphene.

Nonetheless, this method of repetitively exfoliating graphite sheets with tape to get graphene has reduced production effectiveness and can only be used to prepare micron-thick graphene, and can not be mass-produced industrially.

Later on, with the renovation of clinical and technological degrees, the preparation method of graphene has also made terrific development. Presently, along with this traditional physical and mechanical peeling technique, there are also lots of techniques for preparing graphene, such as redox technique, solvent exfoliation technique, chemical vapor deposition, etc

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